B028617 - TECHNOLOGY OF BUILDING COMPONENTS

Italian

The course provides the method and operational elements to deal with the development of the architectural design, from the definitive project to the executive one based on the knowledge of the technological system (of the 5 sub-systems that make it up) and of the relationship between architecture-structure-systems elements through theoretical lectures and a design practical application on a building scale conducted with design practical exercises.

- F. Nuti: EDILIZIA. PROGETTO, COSTRUZIONE, PRODUZIONE. Polistampa ed. Firenze 2010;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia, "Le strutture", Hoepli, Milano 2003;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia: "Le chiusure verticali", Hoepli, ed. Milano 2003;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia, "Le partizioni", Hoepli, Milano 2003;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia, "I rivestimenti", Hoepli, Milano 2003;
- - Decreto legislativo 31 marzo 2023, n. 36- - Codice dei contratti pubblici in attuazione dell'articolo 1 della legge 21 giugno 2022, n. 78, recante delega al Governo in materia di contratti pubblici (Nuovo Codice Appalti);
- Norma UNI 8290: "Edilizia residenziale, sistema tecnologico; classificazione e terminologia";
- Norma UNI 10838: "Edilizia - Terminologia riferita all’utenza, alle prestazioni, al processo edilizio e alla qualità edilizia”;
- Norma UNI 7959. "Edilizia. Pareti perimetrali verticali. Analisi dei requisiti";
- Norma UNI 8979. "Edilizia. Pareti perimetrali verticali. Analisi degli strati funzionali";
- Norma UNI 8369-1. "Edilizia. Chiusure verticali. Classificazione e terminologia";

The course aims at providing the method and operational elements to address the development of the architectural project, from the final project to the executive one on the basis of knowledge of the technological system (of the 5 sub-systems that make it up) and the relationship between architecture-structure-systems components through theoretical lessons and a design application on a building scale conducted with design practical exercises.

The technologies of building components and systems course will allow the student to learn the following knowledge and skills:

Knowledge and ability to understand. 1 – To know and to understand the technological system and to learn the ability to define an architectural project of residential buildings and specialist ones with limited functional complexity from the final design scale to the executive one. 2 – To know and to understand the problems and the reference regulation of the executive design seen as integration of architecture, structure and systems.

Knowledge and ability to practical understand. 1 – To acquire the ability to apply the analysis of the technological system in order to verify the construction methods and the technological solutions of the main residential building type and specialist building one with limited functional complexity. 2 – To learn the ability to analyse the relationship between the components-structure-systems of the same types of buildings. 3 – To acquire the ability to deal with the regulatory system. 4 – To understand during the practical exercise the problems of distributive features of a building and those technological and in terms of performance of the components of the building. 5 – To learn the ability to define a constructive solution that is proper and congruent with the architectural concept.

Ability to draw conclusions and communication skills. 1 – To learn the ability to design a residential and/or specialist building of limited architectural complexity up to the executive scale by using elements of sustainable design. 2 – To acquire the ability to use construction systems in the building project and to analyse their performance in reference to the regulatory system. 3 - To learn the ability to use correctly and appropriately the language and terminology of the topic related to the issues addressed.

Autonomy of judgment. 1 – To acquire the ability to analyse independently the technological system of residential building types and specialist buildings with limited architectural complexity, including especially the different feasible structural and technological solutions.

Knowledge related to the Architectural Design and distributional features of buildings, architectural design experiences, basic knowledge of Structural mechanics, Materials Technology, Technical Physics.

Lectures, Workshops, Design practical activities followed by the Professor and Professor’s assistants.

The exam consists of passing an oral exam and verifying the design practice exercises. The design practice exercise is preparatory for access to the oral exam. Each test is passed if a mark greater than or equal to 18 is got. The final mark is obtained by the weighted average between the mark obtained in the design practical composition (weight 1/3), the mark obtained in presenting the report to the commission of the exam and in the question concerns the practice exercise (weight 1/3) and the mark obtained in the oral test (weight 1/3).
The practice exercise consists in the elaboration of an architectural project, up to the execution phase, of a complex sustainable building, based on some guide-projects identified and proposed by the Professor. Once delivered, the practical exercise is valid for all subsequent exam dates.
The oral exam will focus on the entire program carried out during the frontal lectures and it will occur with a series of 3 theoretical and/or practical questions. The exam ends with passing the oral exam.
The student who intends to attend the oral test must necessarily have concluded the practical exercise and must always register and/or unsubscribe through the University's online service "exam booking".
The oral exam and the presentation to the commission of the design paper allow to verify, in addition to the theoretical contents taught during the lectures:

Ability to learn. 1 – Through the drafting of the design practical exercise from the final design to the executive one and the hours of lectures, the student learns the proper knowledge and tools in order to continue the course of study and be independent in the update upon the discipline.

Knowledge and ability to understand. 1 – Through the hours of lessons in the classroom, the student learns about the basic knowledge and problems concerning executive design, acquires knowledge on technology and types of foundation, on the classification and types of floors, on classification, requirements, performances and technical solutions on single and double layers walls in traditional and innovative materials, sloped and flat roofs, windows, internal partition systems, finishes and protections (internal/external) and various technological solutions for walls (e.g. ventilate /advanced screen façade, external insulation etc.).

Knowledge and ability to practical understand. 1 – By drafting the design paper, it is possible to verify the student's ability to understand and to use the regulations, apply the methodologies, tools and theoretical notions (related to the technological system) provided during the lectures.

Autonomy of judgment and communication skills. 1 – Through the development of the design practical exercise and the lectures, the student learns the ability to use correctly and appropriately the language and terminology of the discipline. 2 - The student acquires the ability to work in team through the drafting of the project and by facing problems related to definitive and executive design in a group and/or independently.

The overall program of the course is divided into the following lesson topics:
1. The architectural executive project: problems and reference standards. Methods and procedures for executive design, seen as integration of architecture, structure and systems.
2. General information on foundations. Technology and types of foundation. Shallow foundations with plinth, inverted beam, reinforced concrete slabs.
3. Moisture protection systems of underground places and ground floors.
4. Classification and types of floors:
- prestressed concrete floors (reinforced concrete and hollow tiles mixed floors with prestressed reinforced concrete beams, hollow core floor slabs, two-way ribbed floors);
- predalles type floors;
- steel-concrete floors (corrugated metal deck and reinforced concrete);
- voltine/volterrane floors;
- wooden floors.
Frames, construction methods. Construction details: typical sections of the floor slab, floor-masonry joints, floor-bearing beams in reinforced concrete/steel.
5. Stairs and elevator, functional, construction and regulatory characteristics. Sizing rules, structural models, design of some typical construction details, as regards various functional solutions of stairs.
6. Single/double layers external walls in traditional and innovative materials. Classification, requirements, performances, technical solutions. Typical construction details. In detail:
- single/double layers external masonry walls with the use of innovative bricks or blocks in aerated concrete;
- wall with external insulation layer;
- stick curtain walls;
- ventilated façades.
7. Accessible and not accessible sloped roofs and flat roofs: types, technical solutions and construction details. Insulation and waterproofing problems concern roofs.
8. Traditional internal and external windows.
9. External aluminium windows: frames, organization of the frame and performances; development methods.
10. Sub-system of internal partitions: technical solutions and construction details.
11. Sub-system of finishes and protections:
- Interior floors and walls.
- External wall cladding.

PRACTICAL EXERCISE
The design practical exercises of the course consist of design activities carried out in the classroom and followed by the Professor and Professor’s assistants. The design activity concerns the development of a project from the preliminary/definitive project scale to the executive one with detailed studies of the technological-construction features, in relation to the theoretical lessons. For these exercises, groups of students of a precise number will be assembled. In agreement with the Professor, they will choose the topic to develop the work; after an early stage of team work, for each student will be assigned a topic to be developed individually in reference to the 5 sub-systems that make up the building system. The final papers of the practical exercise must be delivered before the exam.